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Understanding Newborn Immune Systems Yes, newborns can get infections from visitors. That is not meant to create fear, but it is something parents should understand clearly. A newborn’s immune system is still developing. It is not weak in a broken way, but it is immature. It has not had time to learn how to respond to many germs. During pregnancy, some antibodies pass from mother to baby. That gives some early protection. But after birth, the baby has to start building its own defenses. That takes time. Weeks and months. Newborns also have not been exposed to common viruses yet. Older children and adults have already been sick many times. Their immune systems remember those infections. A newborn does not have that memory yet. Premature babies may be even more vulnerable. If they were born early, they may not have received as many protective antibodies before birth. Their lungs may also be smaller and more sensitive. In these cases, the newborn's immune system and visitors become an even more serious discussion. How Infections Spread to Newborns Infections spread in simple ways. It does not require obvious illness. Respiratory droplets are the most common route. When someone coughs, sneezes, laughs closely, or even talks near a baby, tiny droplets can spread viruses. If the visitor has a cold, flu, RSV, or COVID-19, the baby can be exposed. Direct contact is another common way. Kissing a newborn on the face or hands can pass viruses. Adults often do this without thinking. It feels natural. But it increases newborn exposure to germs. Hands are another major source. Someone may feel completely healthy but still carry viruses on their hands. If they touch their face and then hold the baby, germs can transfer. Clothing can also carry germs from public spaces. It does not mean visitors are careless. It simply means germs are common. So when parents ask, can babies catch infections from guests, the answer is yes. It can happen easily.   Common Infections Visitors May Transmit Several infections are especially concerning in newborns. Colds are common in adults and older children. For them, it may mean a runny nose. For a newborn, it can mean feeding problems and breathing difficulty. Influenza is more serious. newborn flu risk from visitors increases during flu season. A newborn with flu may develop high fever and dehydration quickly. RSV is another concern. It spreads easily. In newborns, it can cause fast breathing and hospital stays. COVID-19 can also spread through close contact. Even mild symptoms in adults can be more serious in a newborn. Cold sores are another risk. Herpes simplex virus can be transmitted through kissing. For adults, a cold sore is often minor. For a newborn, it can be dangerous. This is why many families set clear visitor rules for newborn baby in the early weeks.   Why Newborns Are More Vulnerable Newborns are small, but the issue is not just size. Their immune response is slower. When a virus enters the body, it may take longer for the newborn to respond effectively. Their airways are small. Even minor swelling can make breathing harder. A little mucus can cause noticeable congestion. Their lungs are still developing. Oxygen exchange is not as strong as in older children. Because of this, something that feels minor to an adult can feel much larger in a newborn. Parents often ask, can newborn get sick from family members? Yes. Even family members who love and care deeply can unintentionally pass germs. Signs of Infection in a Newborn It is important to know warning signs. A fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher in a newborn requires immediate medical attention. This is not optional. Any fever at this age should be evaluated quickly. Other signs include: Poor feeding Refusing to nurse or take a bottle Unusual sleepiness Difficulty waking Fast or labored breathing Persistent crying that feels different If something feels off, it is better to call a pediatrician than to wait.   How to Reduce Risk From Visitors There are practical ways to reduce newborn infection risk from visitors without isolating completely. Families often choose to: Ask anyone who feels sick to postpone their visit Require handwashing before holding the baby Avoid kissing the baby, especially on the face or hands Keep early visits short These steps are simple. They do not remove all risk, but they lower it. It can feel uncomfortable to ask visitors to wash hands or avoid kissing. But protecting the newborn comes first.   Vaccination and Protection Adults who will spend time around the baby should be up to date on certain vaccines. Flu vaccine helps reduce newborn flu risk from visitors. Tdap vaccine protects against whooping cough, which can be very serious in infants. Following the baby’s recommended vaccine schedule is also important as they grow. Timing visits during peak illness seasons is something many families consider. During winter months, some families limit visitors more strictly.   Special Precautions for Premature or Medically Fragile Infants For premature babies, extra care is often needed. Families may: Limit visitors to immediate household members Avoid crowded gatherings Screen visitors carefully A pediatrician can provide guidance specific to the baby’s health. In these cases, how to protect newborn from infections may involve stricter boundaries.   Balancing Social Support and Safety New parents need support. Meals, help with chores, and emotional support matter. At the same time, safety matters too. Some families use: Short visits Outdoor visits when possible Virtual video calls in the first weeks As the baby grows, exposure can slowly increase. The immune system becomes stronger with time. When to Seek Medical Care Immediate care is needed for: Fever Breathing difficulty Poor feeding Unusual behavior Newborn infections can progress quickly. Early evaluation is important. Sanford Pharmacy can help families choose thermometers, hand hygiene products, and basic infection prevention supplies. For symptoms or illness, medical care should always be guided by a pediatrician. Newborns can get infections from visitors. That is a reality. It does not mean fear should control everything. It means awareness and simple precautions matter. Setting boundaries early is not overreacting. It is part of responsible care. With careful planning and clear communication, families can reduce risk while still receiving support during the first weeks of life.

Understanding Developmental Milestones in Infants Developmental milestones are skills that most babies learn within a general age range. These include physical movements, sounds, social responses, and early problem-solving behaviors. Milestones are used as guides. They are not strict deadlines. Babies reach milestones at different rates. One baby may roll early but speak later. Another may babble early but take longer to crawl. Small differences are common. This is normal variation. A delay is different. An infant developmental milestones delay means a baby is not reaching expected skills within the typical age range, or progress seems to stop. When patterns continue over time, they may reflect developmental delay symptoms in babies rather than simple variation. Parents often ask when to worry about baby development. The answer usually depends on patterns, not one single missed milestone. Types of Developmental Areas to Monitor Development is divided into several areas. Watching each area helps identify concerns early. Gross motor skills involve large body movements: rolling sitting crawling standing Fine motor skills involve hand coordination: grasping toys reaching transferring objects between hands Language and communication include: cooing babbling responding to voices early gestures Social and emotional development includes: smiling eye contact bonding responding to caregivers Cognitive skills include: curiosity tracking objects exploring toys Monitoring these areas helps identify early signs of developmental delay. Early Signs of Gross Motor Delays Motor skill delay in infants may appear in the first months. Possible concerns include: poor head control by 3 to 4 months not rolling over by around 6 months very stiff or very floppy muscle tone consistently favoring one side of the body Muscle tone that feels unusually tight or very loose can signal motor skill delay in infants. Consistent one-sided movement early in life may also require evaluation. These may be considered red flags for developmental delay in infants when they persist. Signs of Fine Motor Delays Fine motor skills should gradually improve over the first year. Possible signs include: not bringing hands to mouth by 3 to 4 months difficulty grasping objects by 5 to 6 months limited hand-to-hand transfer by 7 to 8 months Babies normally show growing interest in holding and exploring objects. Lack of progress may suggest developmental delay symptoms in babies affecting motor coordination. Signs of Language and Communication Delays Communication begins early. Sounds and responses develop before real words. Possible speech delay signs in babies include: no cooing or babbling by 4 to 6 months limited response to sounds not turning toward familiar voices no gestures such as pointing or waving by 9 to 12 months Hearing issues can sometimes affect speech development. If a baby does not respond to sound or voice consistently, this should be evaluated. These patterns may indicate early signs of developmental delay in communication. Signs of Social and Emotional Delays Social development is an important part of infant growth. Possible social developmental delay in infants signs include: limited eye contact rarely smiling by 3 months little interest in caregivers lack of response to name by 9 months Babies usually seek interaction. A baby who avoids eye contact or does not engage socially over time may need further assessment. Parents often notice subtle changes first. Trusting instinct is important when thinking about when to worry about baby development. Cognitive Development Concerns Cognitive development relates to thinking and learning. Possible cognitive developmental delay signs include: limited curiosity about surroundings difficulty tracking moving objects not exploring toys in age-appropriate ways Babies naturally reach for objects and explore with their hands and mouth. A lack of interest in exploring may suggest delay. Red Flags That Require Prompt Evaluation Some signs require immediate medical evaluation. These include: loss of previously acquired skills persistent feeding difficulties seizure activity or unusual movements significant muscle stiffness or weakness Loss of skills is especially serious. If a baby stops doing something they previously could do, it should be checked without delay. These are clear red flags for developmental delay in infants. When to Talk to a Pediatrician Parents should speak to a pediatrician if: milestones are repeatedly missed development appears slower than expected instincts suggest something is not right Early screening helps identify signs of developmental delays in infants before problems become more serious. Pediatric visits include developmental screening for this reason. How Early Intervention Helps If a delay is identified, early intervention programs are available. Support may include: physical therapy for motor delays speech therapy for communication concerns occupational therapy for fine motor issues developmental therapy for cognitive concerns Early support often leads to better long-term outcomes. Progress is tracked over time to monitor improvement. Role of Ongoing Support and Resources Regular well-baby visits are important. Development is reviewed at each visit. Parents can: use milestone checklists note new skills discuss concerns early If questions arise about infant developmental milestones delay, guidance should be sought. Sanford Pharmacy can provide guidance on supportive care products and help connect families with appropriate healthcare resources when concerns about development arise. Watching development over time, rather than focusing on a single milestone, helps parents understand normal variation and recognize possible developmental delay symptoms in babies early.

Understanding Toddler Vaccination Schedules A toddler is usually between 1 and 3 years old. This is a busy stage of life. Children at this age are walking, touching surfaces, putting things in their mouths, and spending time around other children. Because of that, protection against infection becomes very important. Many parents look at the toddler vaccination schedule and feel unsure. There are several appointments, and sometimes more than one shot is given in a single visit. It can feel like a lot. But the schedule is arranged carefully. Vaccines are given at ages when a child’s immune system can respond well and when protection is most needed. The cdc toddler vaccine schedule is based on years of data. It is updated when needed. It is not created casually. It is designed to prevent serious illness during early childhood. Vaccines protect the child directly. They also protect other people. When most children receive the recommended vaccines, diseases have less chance to spread. This is especially important in daycare or preschool settings. That is one reason many areas list certain vaccines required for toddlers before enrollment. Routine Vaccines Typically Required by Age 12–15 Months Between 12 and 15 months, several important vaccines are usually given. This period is a key part of the immunization schedule for 1 year old children. Common vaccines at this stage include: Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) Varicella (chickenpox) Hepatitis A (first dose) Pneumococcal vaccine, if not completed earlier Hib booster (Haemophilus influenzae type b) These are part of the recommended vaccines for toddlers in most regions. Measles spreads very easily. It can cause high fever, rash, and in some cases serious complications. Mumps can affect glands and sometimes hearing. Rubella can be mild in children but dangerous in pregnancy. The MMR vaccine protects against all three. Varicella protects against chickenpox. While many people think chickenpox is mild, it can sometimes lead to skin infections or pneumonia. Hepatitis A affects the liver. It spreads through contaminated food or close contact. Pneumococcal and Hib vaccines protect against bacteria that can cause meningitis and bloodstream infections. When parents ask which vaccines does a toddler need, the answer depends on what has already been given during infancy. A pediatrician reviews the child’s record before each visit.   Vaccines Commonly Given at 15–18 Months Around 15 to 18 months, a DTaP booster is usually scheduled. DTaP protects against: Diphtheria Tetanus Pertussis Pertussis, also known as whooping cough, can cause severe coughing fits and breathing difficulty in young children. The booster helps maintain protection. This dose is part of the standard toddler booster shots list. If earlier vaccines such as Hib or pneumococcal were delayed, they may be completed at this visit. Parents sometimes review vaccines for 2 year old children around this time to ensure everything is on track.   Vaccines Required at 4–6 Years (Before School Entry) While this age is slightly beyond toddler years, planning begins early. At 4 to 6 years, children typically receive: DTaP booster Polio (IPV) booster Second MMR dose Second Varicella dose These doses strengthen immunity before school entry. Many schools require documentation of these childhood vaccines for toddlers and young children before enrollment.   Annual Influenza Vaccine The influenza vaccine is recommended every year starting at 6 months of age. Toddlers can experience high fever and dehydration from flu. Some require hospital care. The annual flu vaccine: reduces risk of severe illness lowers spread in daycare protects family members For families following the toddler vaccination schedule, flu shots become part of yearly routine care. COVID-19 Vaccine (If Recommended) COVID-19 vaccine recommendations depend on current public health guidance. In some cases, it is recommended for certain age groups. Parents should check current recommendations when reviewing which vaccines does a toddler need.   Why Boosters Are Necessary Some vaccines require more than one dose. The first dose introduces the immune system to the germ. Later doses strengthen and extend protection. Boosters: improve long-term immunity keep protection steady during early childhood meet school and daycare requirements Without boosters, immunity can weaken over time. That is why they are part of the complete toddler vaccination schedule.   Catch-Up Vaccination Schedules If a toddler misses an appointment, it is usually possible to catch up. Catch-up schedules: do not require restarting most vaccine series allow missed doses to be given safely are adjusted based on age and past doses A pediatrician can create a plan to stay aligned with recommended vaccines for toddlers.   State and School Requirements Requirements vary by state or region. Daycare and preschool often require: proof of vaccination official immunization records These rules help prevent outbreaks of serious illnesses. Parents reviewing mandatory vaccines for toddlers should check local health department guidelines.   When to Speak With a Healthcare Provider Parents should speak with a healthcare provider if: vaccines were delayed there are concerns about side effects a child has a medical condition affecting vaccination Common side effects include mild fever or soreness at the injection site. Severe reactions are rare. If there are questions about vaccines required for toddlers, schedule timing, or documentation for school, guidance is available. Sanford Pharmacy can provide vaccine information, help families understand the cdc toddler vaccine schedule, offer reminders for upcoming doses, and guide parents toward appropriate immunization services. Keeping up with the toddler vaccination schedule helps protect children during an active stage of life. Toddlers explore their surroundings and interact closely with others. Vaccination reduces the risk of serious infections during this period. Parents may feel overwhelmed by the number of visits, but each dose has a purpose. The schedule builds protection step by step. Staying informed and asking questions when needed helps ensure toddlers receive the protection they need as they grow.

Understanding Breast Milk Intake in Babies Many parents wonder how to know if baby is getting enough breast milk. This concern is very common, especially in the first weeks. Breast milk intake is not the same for every baby. Some babies eat often. Some eat less often but take more at a time. Both can be normal. Babies also go through phases. Some days, they feed more. Other days, they seem less interested. This does not always mean there is a problem. There is also a difference between true supply issues and normal baby behavior. Fussiness, crying, or frequent feeding does not automatically mean low milk intake.   Wet and Dirty Diaper Output One of the clearest ways to check intake is diaper output. This is often more reliable than how long a baby nurses. For a breastfed baby, how many wet diapers breastfed baby has matters. General patterns: newborns: diapers increase daily in the first week after day 5: about 6 or more wet diapers per day Wet diapers should feel heavy, not just slightly damp. Stool patterns vary more. Breastfed babies may stool several times a day or once every few days. Both can be normal. Sudden changes, especially combined with fewer wet diapers, may need attention. Baby’s Weight Gain and Growth Weight gain is another key sign. breastfed baby weight gain signs are watched closely in early life. Typical patterns: some weight loss in the first few days is normal birth weight is usually regained by 10–14 days steady weight gain follows after that Short-term weight changes can happen. One weigh-in does not tell the full story. Regular checks over time matter more than a single number.   Feeding Frequency and Duration Many parents ask how to tell if newborn is feeding enough based on how often or how long the baby nurses. This can be misleading. Newborns often nurse: 8–12 times in 24 hours sometimes more during growth spurts Some babies nurse for short periods. Others stay longer. Time alone does not equal intake. Effective feeding matters more than minutes spent nursing. Cluster feeding is common. It does not mean milk is low. It often signals growth or developmental changes.   Swallowing and Feeding Behavior Watching the baby during feeds helps. baby feeding well signs breastfeeding include visible and audible swallowing. Signs to look for: rhythmic suck and swallow pattern pauses between swallows relaxed hands during feeding A baby who is feeding well often releases the breast on their own and appears calmer afterward.   Baby’s Overall Behavior and Development General behavior between feeds matters. baby satisfied after breastfeeding is often calm and alert when awake. Signs include: periods of contentment normal sleep patterns for age interest in surroundings Meeting developmental milestones is another positive sign. Babies who are underfed often show low energy or poor responsiveness.   Breast Changes During and After Feeding Changes in the breast can also give clues. Common experiences: breasts feel softer after feeding fullness before feeds tingling or let-down sensations Not everyone feels strong let-down. Lack of sensation does not mean low milk. Breast fullness can change as supply regulates. Signs That May Suggest Low Intake Some signs may suggest a baby is not getting enough milk. These signs usually appear together, not alone. Possible concerns: fewer wet diapers than expected poor or slow weight gain persistent lethargy very low alertness If these are present, intake should be checked.   Common Myths About Milk Supply There are many myths that cause unnecessary worry. Important clarifications: crying does not always mean hunger pumping output does not reflect true supply breast size does not determine milk production These myths often lead parents to doubt normal feeding patterns.   When to Seek Support and Guidance Support should be sought if concerns persist. Reasons to seek help: unclear weight gain feeding difficulties concerns about is my baby getting enough breast milk Pediatricians and lactation consultants are key resources. Sanford Pharmacy can also help with breastfeeding support, safe supplements if advised, and general feeding guidance.   Key Points to Remember how to know if baby is getting enough breast milk is based on multiple signs diaper output and weight gain matter most feeding patterns vary widely myths often cause unnecessary worry guidance is available when concerns arise Breastfeeding does not look the same for every baby. Looking at the whole picture, not just one sign, helps parents understand whether feeding is going well.

Understanding Infant Immunity A baby’s immune system is not fully developed at birth. That is normal. baby immune system development happens slowly over time. In the early months, a baby relies a lot on protection from the parent and the environment around them. A newborn immune system is immature because it has not yet learned how to recognize germs. It takes time and exposure for this learning to happen. This is why babies catch infections more easily. There is a difference between helping immunity grow and trying to force it. boost baby immunity naturally does not mean making the immune system stronger than it should be. It means allowing it to develop the right way. Role of Breastfeeding in Immune Support Breast milk contains antibodies. These antibodies help protect babies from infections, especially in early life. Breast milk supports immunity by: passing protective antibodies helping the gut develop lowering the risk of some infections The first 6 to 12 months are important. Even partial breastfeeding helps. A baby does not need to be fully breastfed to get immune benefits. This is one of the most reliable ways to increase immunity in babies. Formula-fed babies can still develop normal immunity, but breast milk adds extra protection when available.   Importance of Proper Nutrition For the first months, nutrition comes from breast milk or formula. These provide what the immune system needs to grow. When solids begin, usually around 6 months: nutrition slowly expands the immune system benefits from new nutrients Important nutrients include: iron zinc vitamin A vitamin C vitamin D These nutrients come from normal foods. There is no need to rush supplements. foods to boost baby immunity should always be age-appropriate and simple.   Vaccinations and Immune Protection Vaccines support immunity. They do not weaken it. Vaccines work by: teaching the immune system about germs preparing it safely reducing serious illness risk This is part of how to boost baby immune system safely. Vaccines work with natural immunity, not against it. Following the vaccine schedule protects babies during their most vulnerable stages.   Sleep and Immune Health Sleep matters for immunity. Babies need a lot of sleep because their bodies are growing and adjusting. Sleep helps: regulate immune responses reduce stress hormones support healing Sleep needs change as babies grow. Regular routines help. Poor sleep can affect natural ways to improve baby immunity over time. Gut Health and Immunity A large part of the immune system is connected to the gut. The gut helps: train immune cells protect against harmful bacteria support digestion Feeding choices affect gut health. Breast milk supports healthy gut bacteria. Antibiotics, when necessary, can temporarily disrupt this balance. Gut health plays a major role in how to strengthen baby immune system naturally.   Hygiene and Healthy Exposure Clean habits are important, but balance matters. Helpful habits include: washing hands before feeding keeping bottles and utensils clean Overusing sanitizers is not needed. Normal exposure to everyday environments helps the immune system learn. This supports baby immunity boosting tips without overprotection.   Outdoor Time and Vitamin D Fresh air is helpful. Light exposure supports vitamin D levels. Vitamin D plays a role in immune health. Babies get it from: diet supplements if recommended limited sun exposure Outdoor time should always be safe. Gentle exposure supports natural immunity boosters for babies.   Avoiding Unsafe Immune Boosters There are no proven immune boosters for babies. Avoid: herbal products immune syrups honey under one year adult supplements These can be harmful. best foods for baby immunity are simple foods introduced at the right age. Immunity grows through daily care, not products.   When to Seek Guidance and Support Guidance is important if: infections happen often illnesses seem severe growth or feeding is a concern Before giving vitamins or supplements, advice should be taken. Questions about natural ways to improve baby immunity can be discussed with Sanford Pharmacy. Sanford Pharmacy can help with safe nutrition guidance and general infant health support. Key Points to Remember boost baby immunity naturally means steady support immunity develops over time breastfeeding, nutrition, sleep, and vaccines matter supplements are usually not needed balance is important A baby’s immune system develops slowly. With routine care, safe nutrition, and time, immunity strengthens the way it is meant to, without forcing or shortcuts.

What Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Is what does amoxicillin and clavulanate treat can be explained in a very direct way. It treats bacterial infections. It is usually used when regular amoxicillin may not work on its own. amoxicillin and clavulanate is a combination antibiotic. Amoxicillin and Clavulanate is also called Augmentin. It contains two parts: amoxicillin, which kills bacteria clavulanate potassium, which helps amoxicillin keep working Some bacteria can block amoxicillin. Clavulanate is added to stop that from happening. How Amoxicillin and Clavulanate Works Amoxicillin works by damaging the wall that surrounds bacteria. Bacteria need that wall to survive. When the wall is damaged, bacteria weaken and die. Some bacteria make enzymes that destroy amoxicillin. These enzymes stop the drug from working. Clavulanate blocks those enzymes. It does not kill bacteria by itself. It protects amoxicillin so it can do its job. This is why amoxicillin clavulanate broad spectrum antibiotic is used more often than plain amoxicillin in some infections. Common Infections Treated With Amoxicillin and Clavulanate amoxicillin clavulanate uses include many common infections. It is chosen when doctors think bacteria may be resistant. It is often prescribed for: sinus infections ear infections throat infections chest infections skin infections dental infections some urinary infections These are examples of amoxicillin and clavulanate treated infections. Sinus, Ear, and Throat Infections Sinus infections are one of the main reasons this medicine is used. amoxicillin clavulanate uses for sinus infection include: acute bacterial sinusitis sinus infections that do not improve with other antibiotics It is also used for: ear infections, especially repeat infections throat infections and tonsillitis caused by bacteria These infections often involve bacteria that regular amoxicillin cannot treat well. Respiratory Infections This antibiotic is sometimes used for lung and chest infections. Examples include: bacterial bronchitis some cases of pneumonia respiratory infections that worsen chronic lung disease It does not help with viral coughs or colds. That matters when deciding on amoxicillin clavulanate indications. Skin and Soft Tissue Infections amoxicillin clavulanate uses for skin infection include infections that involve deeper skin layers. These include: cellulitis infected cuts wounds that are red, swollen, or painful     It is also commonly used for: animal bites human bite wounds Bite wounds often contain many bacteria. This medicine covers more of them. Dental and Oral Infections Dental problems are another common reason for prescribing this medication. It is used for: tooth abscesses gum infections infections after dental procedures The mouth contains many bacteria. Resistance is common. This makes amoxicillin clavulanate uses common in dental care. Urinary Tract Infections amoxicillin clavulanate uses for uti are more limited. It may be used for: uncomplicated urinary tract infections infections caused by bacteria shown to respond to this drug It is not the first choice for all UTIs. Testing often guides this decision. Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Infections In some cases, this medicine is used for abdominal infections. Examples include: certain infections inside the abdomen infections involving mixed bacteria These infections often need broader antibiotic coverage. When This Antibiotic Is Chosen Doctors choose this medication when: bacteria are likely resistant bacteria produce beta-lactamase enzymes first antibiotics did not work infection involves more than one bacteria type This is normal amoxicillin clavulanate for bacterial infections use. What It Does Not Treat This antibiotic does not treat: viral infections like colds or flu fungal infections parasitic infections bacteria resistant to this medicine Using it when not needed does not help and can cause harm. Side Effects to Know About Some people notice side effects. Common ones include: stomach upset diarrhea nausea Severe diarrhea or rash should be checked quickly. When to Seek Medical or Pharmacy Advice Advice should be sought if: symptoms do not improve in 2–3 days side effects become severe rash or allergy symptoms appear Questions about what infections does augmentin treat, dosing, or side effects can be discussed with Sanford Pharmacy. Sanford Pharmacy can help explain how this medicine works and how to take it correctly. Key Points to Remember what does amoxicillin and clavulanate treat: bacterial infections often used when resistance is a concern treats sinus, ear, skin, dental, respiratory, and some urinary infections does not treat viral illness finishing the full course is important Amoxicillin and clavulanate is used when infections are harder to treat. When taken as prescribed, it helps clear bacteria that simpler antibiotics may not cover.